
People with Soft Tissue Sarcomas [STS], of which Leiomyosarcoma is one, have a 7.5% chance of developing a second primary cancer [a higher chance than some other cancers have].  People with Soft Tissue Sarcomas are more than 12 times more likely [3.2 per 10,000] to develop another STS, than is the general population [4.0 per 100,000].


<b>Multiple primary malignancies in association with 7.5% of soft tissue sarcomas [STS].</b>

The phenomenon of two or three primary cancers developing in patients who had a STS occurs at a rate of 7.5%, a significantly higher rate than the occurrence of STS among the general cancer population (1%)... The follow up on patients with STS should include a search for a hidden second primary cancer.   This is especially true in patients with primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma who demonstrate a risk for developing a renal cell carcinoma.  STS was found approximately within +/- 27 years of the second primary cancer.  For more information, see the abstract, and it might be possible to receive a copy of the paper by email from merimsky@zahav.net.il , the senior author.
&&url PMID: 11283938 

  
<b>STS as second malignant lesion after therapy for Hodgkin's disease. </b>

Report of two cases and review of the literature.
STS arose within the irradiated field within 21 years.   A review of the pertinent literature is given and previous reports of malignant tumors and leukemias following therapy for Hodgkin's disease are summarized.
&&url PMID: 3001097


<b>STS as a second malignant neoplasm in children.</b>
 
Although prior treatment may hinder the management of these patients, pediatric STS second malignancies can be  cured using the same strategies used for de novo pediatric sarcomas. Long-term follow-up is mandatory given the risks of further malignancies and more severe, treatment-related side effects 
&&url PMID: 15073867 


<b>On the emergence of multifocal cancers synchronously [at the same time]</b>

"Several tumors can exist as multiple lesions within a tissue. The lesions
may either arise independently, or they may be monoclonal. The importance of
multiple lesions for tumor staging, progression, and treatment is subject to
debate. Here we use mathematical models to analyze the emergence of
multiple, clonally related lesions within a single tissue. We refer to them
as multi-focal cancers. We find that multifocal cancers can arise through a
dynamical interplay between tumor promoting and inhibiting factors..."
&&url PMID: 15461783


<b>Multiple simultaneous primary soft tissue sarcomas.</b>

"The synchronous or metachronous development of multiple primary soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of different histopathology has been reported only in isolated case reports. ...Representing 0.2% of all patients who were treated for STS [in the studied interval]. ... The incidence of second primary sarcomas in patients who were diagnosed previously with STS (4.0 per 10,000 population per year) was significantly greater than the incidence of primary STS in the general population (3.2 per 100,000 population per year; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Although it is an uncommon occurrence, patients who have a history of STS are at an increased risk for the development of a second primary STS." 
&&url PMID: 15494976 


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